* The imperative is the same as the base form
of a verb.
* You form a negative imperative with `do not',
`don't', or `never'.
* You use the imperative to ask or tell someone
to do something, or to give advice, warnings, or instructions on how to do
something.
* You use `let' when
you are offering to do something, making suggestions, or telling someone to do
something.
1 The
imperative is the same as the base form of a verb. You do not use a pronoun in
front of it.
Come to my place.
Start when you hear
the bell.
2 You
form a negative imperative by putting `do not', `don't', or `never' in front of
the verb.
Do not write in this
book.
Don't go so fast.
Never open the front
door to strangers.
3 You use
the imperative when you are:
* asking or telling someone to do something
Pass the salt.
Hurry up!
* giving someone advice or a warning
Mind your head.
Take care!
* giving someone instructions on how to do something
Put this bit over
here, so it fits into that hole.
Turn right off
Broadway into Caxton Street.
4 When
you want to make an imperative more polite or more emphatic, you can put `do'
in front of it.
Do have a chocolate
biscuit.
Do stop crying.
Do be careful.
5 The imperative is also used in written
instructions on how to do something, for example on notices and packets of
food, and in books.
To report faults,
dial 6666.
Store in a dry place.
Fry the chopped onion
and pepper in the oil.
Note that written instructions usually have to be short. This means that
words such as `the' are often omitted.
Wear rubber gloves.
Turn off switch. Wipe bulb.
Written imperatives are also used to give warnings.
Reduce speed now.
6 You use
`let me' followed by the base form of a verb when you are offering to do
something for someone.
Let me take your
coat.
Let me give you a few
details.
7 You use
`let's' followed by the base form of a verb when you are suggesting what you
and someone else should do.
Let's go outside.
Let's look at our
map.
Note that the form `let us' is only used in formal or written English.
Let us consider a
very simple example.
You put `do' before `let's' when you are very keen to do something.
Do let's get a taxi.
The negative of `let's' is `let's not' or `don't let's'.
Let's not talk about
that.
Don't let's actually
write it in the book.
8 You use `let' followed by a noun group and the
base form of a verb when you are telling someone to do something or to allow
someone else to do it.
Let me see it.
Let Philip have a
look at it.
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